Behavioural Interventions for Efficient and Effective Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

This review was carried out to find out the effects of behavioural interventions to reduce the level of HbA1c for efficient and effective management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). PubMed, EMBASE and Science Direct and other electronic databases were searched for the published literature. Overall effect size with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was used to assess the strength of the relationship between interventions and T2DM by using a random effects model. Heterogeneity was also evaluated. 3 randomized controlled experimental studies were selected and included in the review. Studies considering drug co-interventions were excluded. The overall estimate of the mean differences of the behavioral interventions showed that the overall effect size for a reduction in HbA1c was about -0.47 with a 95%confidence interval (CI) of -0.79 -0.15 and the I2 value is 56%. Behavioral interventions were moderately effective in reducing the level of HbA1c to manage type 2 diabetes effectively.